The Comoros, officially the Union of the Comoros is an island nation in the Indian Ocean, located off the eastern coast of Africa on the northern end of the Mozambique Channel between northern Madagascar and northeastern Mozambique. The nearest countries to the Comoros are Mozambique, Tanzania, Madagascar, and the Seychelles. At 2,235 km² (863 sq mi) the Comoros is the third smallest African nation by area; and with a population estimated at 798,000 it is the sixth smallest African nation by population (though it has one of the highest population densities in Africa), and is the southernmost member state of the Arab League. Its name derives from the Arabic word qamar (“moon”).

The country officially consists of three of the four main islands in the volcanic Comoros archipelago: Ngazidja (French: Grande Comore), Mwali (French: Mohéli), Nzwani (French: Anjouan), and Mahoré (French: Mayotte). However, the government of the Union of the Comoros, or its predecessors since independence, have never administered the island of Mayotte, which France administers and considers a French overseas community. Mayotte was the only island in the archipelago that voted against independence from France, and France has vetoed United Nations Security Council resolutions agreeing with Comorian sovereignty over the island. Control has never passed to the Comoros.
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